The Organizational Impact of Fair Process on Perceptions of Integrity and Trust Within the Salvation Army in Canada

December 3, 2025

The Organizational Impact of Fair Process on Perceptions of Integrity and Trust Within the Salvation Army in Canada

Andrew John Morgan | 2020

Abstract

The organizational communication concept of fair process offers organizational members a voice in decision making, improves the sharing of information around decision making, and facilitates clarification of decisions made within the organization. Kim and Mauborgne’s (1997, 2003, 2005) three-part fair process model features engagement, explanation, and expectation clarity. Kim and Mauborgne’s model aligns with the three categories of Daly and Geyer’s (1994) Procedural Fairness, Employee Voice, and Justification scale. This research investigated a correlation model proposing relationships between the fair process communication dimensions of procedural fairness, employee voice, and justification (independent variables) and perceived leader integrity and perceived leader trust (dependent variables). The study employed a nonexperimental, cross-sectional quantitative approach to investigate the research hypotheses. The data collection methodology and sample were designed to focus on Salvation Army officer leaders in Canada and yielded a data sample of 162 participants. The results indicate that fair process expectation clarity (procedural fairness) is a predictor of both perceived leader integrity and perceived leader trust and that engagement (employee voice) is a predictor of perceived leader trust. Explanation (justification) was not found to be a predictor of perceived leader integrity or perceived leader trust. Discussion of theoretical and practical implications and operational relevance and insight for The Salvation Army is offered from the results of the study. The conclusion reviews limitations to this study and recommendations for future research. This study marks an important contribution to the body of knowledge by offering a never before researched organizational impact of fair process on perceptions of leader integrity and perceptions of leader trust.

Keywords: fair process, organizational communication, integrity, trust, engagement, explanation, expectation clarity, procedural fairness, employee voice, justification

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