Leadership in Transition: A Quantitative Study of Leadership Dimension Preferences Across Generational Cohorts

December 3, 2025

Leadership in Transition: A Quantitative Study of Leadership Dimension Preferences Across Generational Cohorts

Neftali Charles Olmeda | 2022

Abstract

Generations come in cycles, and just as history produces generations, so too do generations produce history (Strauss & Howe, 1991). Within those cycles and historical structures, and so too from a leadership point of view, a sense of leadership status and influence arises that varies considerably because of generational differences and cultural forces (House et al., 2004; Lisbon, 2010; Sotelo, 2015). Similarly, at a more individual level, people—followers, employees, and subordinates—perceive the world and those around them differently because of their background, individual characteristics, and needs (Konopaske et al., 2018). Responding to the call to extend the field of study and fill a gap in research to include Generation Z in similar studies, this research used a quantitative, nonexperimental, cross-correlational approach to examine Baby Boomers, Generation X, Generation Y/Millennials, and Generation Z leadership dimension preferences. Leadership dimensions consisted of the six culturally endorsed implicit leadership theory dimensions using the GLOBE Phase 2 Alpha Questionnaire. The sample population derived via nonprobability, purposive sampling efforts. Efforts for recruiting potential participants included emails and social media. Potential participants were asked to complete the GLOBE Phase 2 Alpha Questionnaire distributed online via SurveyMonkey through Facebook, Instagram, and bulk emails where the researcher has a point of contact. Potential participants were also asked to forward the emailed or social media posted survey to anyone who may be interested in participating. Further, the statistical analyses were performed using multivariate analysis of variance via input data within the IBM Statistical Package for the Social Sciences software.

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