The current global turn to spirituality coincides with the emergence of values-based approaches in leadership. Robert K. Greenleaf’s concept of servant leadership embodies this renewed focus on values, virtues, and followers evident in contemporary theories and models of leading. The spirituality of servant leadership is best described from Greenleaf’s Quaker Christian faith tradition and falls in the domain of marginal counter-spirituality. Greenleaf describes servant leaders as prophets that act in dynamic systems of double loyalty that facilitates individual and societal transformation to usher in a new era marked by radical mutuality that is expressed in service.

Virtues for Leading Change
Tim Rahschulte

Pressures to change abound and often create individual frustration and stress due to individuals feeling victimized during times of change unless they have a sense of control over the change. Additionally, change can often seem daunting, beyond the capacity of any one person, although systems theory purports its possibility. Granted, the holonic notion of life suggests people, also known as individual systems, never have complete control due to their participation in larger systems which creates constant flux. This does not suggest, however, that individuals do not have some control. This article illustrates the importance of self-control in times of significant change and argues that individuals can and do change the world.

Character and Servant Leadership: Ten Characteristics of Effective, Caring Leaders
Larry C. Spears

We are experiencing a rapid shift in many businesses and not-for-profit organizations—away from the more traditional autocratic and hierarchical models of leadership and toward servant leadership as a way of being in relationship with others. Servant leadership seeks to involve others in decision making, is strongly based in ethical and caring behavior, and enhances the growth of workers while improving the caring and quality of organizational life. This article examines a set of ten characteristics of the servant leader that are of critical importance. They are: listening, empathy, healing, awareness, persuasion, conceptualization, foresight, stewardship, commitment to the growth of people, and building community.

Evaluating the Instrumento de Contribución al Liderazgo de Siervo
(ICLS) for Reliability in Latin America
Timothy A. McIntosh and Justin A. Irving

With interest in servant leadership growing beyond North America and Europe, there is a need for reliable instruments in languages beyond English to research the construct in other regions of the world. This study was designed to examine the reliability of the Spanish translation of the Servant Leadership Assessment Instrument. Research in Lima, Peru, demonstrated that the translated instrument was reliable in three of its scales—(a) love (.8373), (b) empowerment (.9167), and (c) vision (.9047)—paving the way for increased servant leadership study in that country and other parts of Latin America. The instrument had a lower reliability rating in its humility scale (.4987) and the authors suggest that this finding may be associated with culturally established patterns of leadership in Peru.